Alopecia refers to hair loss, which can occur gradually or suddenly, be temporary or permanent, and affect both men and women. There are several types of alopecia, including:
- Androgenetic Alopecia: The most common form caused by genetic and hormonal factors.
- Alopecia Areata: An autoimmune type that results in localized, circular patches of hair loss.
- Scarring Alopecia: Caused by the destruction of hair follicles due to scarring on the skin.
- Diffuse Alopecia: Hair loss across the scalp, often due to stress or nutritional deficiencies.
Main Categories of Alopecia
Alopecia is divided into two major categories: scarring and non-scarring.
Scarring Alopecia: Caused by permanent destruction of hair follicles, often associated with:
- Injuries
- Burns
- Chronic inflammatory conditions
- Microbial infections
Non-Scarring Alopecia: Involves hair loss without follicular destruction or scar tissue, including:
- Androgenetic Alopecia
- Alopecia Areata (Patchy Hair Loss)
- Traumatic Alopecia
- Fungal Alopecia
- Trichotillomania
What is Androgenetic Alopecia?
Androgenetic Alopecia is the most common form of hair loss, affecting approximately 95% of men and many women. Its primary causes are genetic predisposition and hormonal imbalances.
In Men: Genetic predisposition is the strongest factor in male hair loss. Genes largely determine the onset, pattern, and progression of hair thinning.
Men with genetic predisposition often experience androgenetic alopecia after adolescence, with rapid progression during that phase. Between the ages of 20 and 30, the condition progresses more slowly. Once this phase begins, it cannot be stopped. Treatments are designed only to delay the progression.
In men, androgenetic alopecia manifests as:
- Receding frontal hairline
- Thinning at the temples and crown
It is assessed using the Norwood Scale.
In Women: It is less common and typically results in thinning at the parting line, spreading gradually across the scalp. It is assessed using the Ludwig Scale.
Causes of Alopecia
- Genetic Factors: Family history of androgenetic alopecia.
- Hormonal Imbalances: Pregnancy, menopause, or thyroid issues.
- Autoimmune Disorders: The immune system attacks hair follicles.
- Medications: Side effects of chemotherapy, contraceptives, or antidepressants.
- Stress and Psychological Factors: Stressful events may trigger sudden hair loss.
- Nutritional Deficiencies: Lack of vitamins, protein, iron, or zinc.
- Chronic Illnesses: Diabetes, lupus, or infections.
Symptoms of Alopecia
- Thinning or complete hair loss in specific areas.
- Circular bald patches (Alopecia Areata).
- Hair loss following stress or illness (Diffuse Alopecia).
- Scalp irritation or redness (Scarring Alopecia).
ABH Medical Group’s Approach to Alopecia
At ABH Hair Clinic, we provide personalized solutions tailored to the needs and characteristics of each patient.
Diagnosis Methods
- Macroscopic Examination: Observing patterns of thinning, whether localized, diffuse, or following androgenetic patterns, alongside skin examination for infections.
- Medical History: Identifying medication or treatment impacts on hair loss.
- Family History: Investigating genetic contributions to hair loss.
- Genetic Testing: Advanced tests (e.g., DNA Trichotest) for predisposition and progression analysis.
- Trichogram: A follicle examination to determine the type and causes of hair loss.
Treatments for Androgenetic Alopecia
Considering the patient's age, hair loss stage, lifestyle, psychological impact, and expectations is crucial for treatment selection. While androgenetic alopecia cannot be stopped, treatments aim to delay progression or restore damage.
Home Treatments:
- Special shampoos
- Dietary supplements
Clinic Treatments:
- PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma) Therapy
- Injectable Minoxidil
- Biomimetic Peptides
- Hairexelixir Therapy with Exosomes
- FUE Hair Transplantation
Diagnostic Test
Frequently Asked Questions
How common is alopecia?
Alopecia affects millions worldwide. Androgenetic alopecia is the most common, affecting up to 50% of men and 25% of women at some point.
Is alopecia reversible?
In many cases, such as alopecia areata or diffuse hair loss, recovery is possible with proper treatment. However, scarring alopecia is permanent.
Can alopecia be prevented?
Prevention involves a healthy diet, stress management, and proper scalp care.
How long do treatments last?
Duration depends on the method and extent of alopecia. Many treatments require repeat sessions.
Are treatments painful?
Most treatments involve minimal pain, with anesthetics used for invasive procedures to ensure comfort.
